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ACHIEVING AMBITIONS
WITH GOAL SETTING
Goal setting is a very powerful technique that can yield strong
returns in all areas of your life. By knowing precisely what you
want to achieve, you know what you have to concentrate on and improve,
and what is merely a distraction. By setting goals you can:
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achieve more
- improve performance
- increase your motivation to achieve
- increase your pride and satisfaction in your achievements
- improve your self-confidence
- plan to eliminate attitudes that hold you back
Research (Damon Burton, 1983) has shown that people who use goal
setting effectively:
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suffer less from stress and anxiety
- concentrate better
- show more self-confidence
- perform better
- are happier and more satisfied
The first step in setting personal goals is to consider what you
want to achieve in your lifetime. Setting Lifetime Goals gives
you the overall perspective that shapes all other aspects of your
decision making. Try to set goals in all of the following categories:
- Career
- Learning
- Creativity
- Attitude
- Physical
- Interests
- Family
- Finance
- Community work
- Social life
The way in which you set goals strongly affects their effectiveness.
The following broad guidelines apply to
setting effective goals:
- Express your goals positively.
- Set a precise goal, putting in dates, times and amounts so that achievement
can be measured.
- Where you have several goals, give each a priority. This helps you to
avoid feeling overwhelmed by too many goals, and helps
to direct your attention to
the most important ones.
- Write goals down to avoid confusion and give them more force.
- Keep the goals you are working towards immediately small and achievable.
If a goal is too large, then it can seem that you are
not making progress towards it.
Set Performance, not Outcome Goals |
You should take care to set goals over which you have as much control
as possible. Goals based on outcomes are vulnerable to failure
because of things beyond your control. If you base your goals
on personal performance or skills or knowledge to be acquired,
then you can keep control over the achievement of your goals
and draw satisfaction from them. Another flaw is where outcome
goals are based on the rewards of achieving something, whether
these are financial or are based on the recognition of others.
Set specific measurable goals
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If you achieve all conditions of a measurable goal, then you can
be confident and comfortable in its achievement. If you consistently
fail to meet a measurable goal, then you can adjust it or analyse
the reason for failure and take appropriate action to improve skills.
Goals may be set unrealistically high for the following reasons:
- Other people (parents, media, society) can set unrealistic goals
for you, based on what they want.
- If you do not have a clear, realistic understanding of what you
are trying to achieve and of the skills and knowledge to be
mastered, it is difficult to set effective and realistic goals.
- Many people base their goals on their best performance, however
long ago that was. This ignores the inevitable backsliding
that can occur for good reasons, and ignores the factors that led to
that best performance. It is better to set goals that raise
your average performance and make it more consistent.
Alternatively goals can be set too low because of:
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Fear of failure. If you are frightened of failure you will not
take the risks needed for optimum performance. As you apply goal
setting and see the achievement of goals, your self-confidence
should increase, helping you to take bigger risks. Know that failure
is a positive thing as it shows you areas where you can improve
your skills and performance.
- Taking it too easy. It is easy to take the reasons for not setting
goals unrealistically high as an excuse to set them too low.
If you're not prepared to stretch yourself and work hard, then you
are extremely unlikely to achieve anything of any real worth.
Setting goals at the correct level is a skill that is acquired
by practice. You should set goals so that they are slightly out
of your immediate grasp, but not so far that there is no hope of
achieving them.
When you are thinking about how to achieve goals, asking the following
questions can help you to focus on the sub-goals that lead to their
achievement:
-
What skills do I need to achieve this?
- What information and knowledge do I need?
- What help, assistance, or collaboration do I need?
- What resources do I need?
- What can block progress?
Goal setting can go wrong for a number of reasons:
-
Goals can be so vague that they are useless. If achievement cannot
be measured, then your self-confidence will not benefit from goal
setting, nor can you observe progress towards a greater goal. Set
precise, quantitative goals.
- Goal setting can be unsystematic, sporadic and disorganised. Here
goals will be forgotten, achievement of goals will not be measured
and feedback will not occur into new goals. Be organised and
regular in the way that you use goal setting.
- Too many unprioritised goals may be set, leading to a feeling of
overload.
When you have achieved a goal, take the time to enjoy the satisfaction
of having achieved the goal. Absorb the implications of the goal
achievement, and observe the progress you have made towards other
goals.
Where you have failed to reach a goal, ensure that you learn the
lessons of the failure. These may be:
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that you didn't try hard enough
- that your technique, skills or knowledge were faulty and need to
be enhanced
- that the goal you set was unrealistic
Where you have achieved a goal this should feed back into your
next goals:
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if the goal was easily achieved, make your next goals harder
- if the goal took a dispiriting length of time to achieve, make
the next goals a little easier
- if while achieving the goal you noticed a deficit in your skills,
set goals to fix this.
Remember too that goals change as you mature - adjust them regularly
to reflect this growth in your personality. If goals do not hold
any attraction any longer, then let them go - goal setting is your
servant, not your master - it should bring you pleasure, satisfaction
and a sense of achievement.
TASKS AND REFLECTIONS
1 Lifetime goals:
Consider the following areas of your life.
- Creativity
- Attitude
- Family
- Financial
- Physical
- Interests
- Community work
- Social
- Decide your goals in these categories and assign a priority
to them from A to D.
- Review the goals and re-prioritise until you are satisfied
that the goals and priorities you have set reflect the shape
of the
life that you want to lead (ensure that the goals that you
have set are the goals that you, not your parents, spouse,
family, or
people around you want them to be).
- Once you have set your lifetime goals, now set a 25-year
plan of smaller goals that should be achieved if you are
to reach your
lifetime plan.
- Then set a 5-year plan, 1-year plan, 6-month plan, and
1-month plan of progressively smaller goals that should
be reached
to achieve your lifetime goals.
- Finally set a daily to-do list of things that you should
do today to achieve your lifetime goals.
- Finally review your plans, and make sure that they fit the way
in which you want to live your life.
- Once you have decided your first goal plans, keep the process going
by reviewing and updating your to-do list on a daily basis. Periodically
review your other plans, and modify them to reflect your changing
priorities.
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